This report provides an overview of the main security trends and incidents at national level in the period January 2020 – 30 June 2021, as well as details on conflict dynamics, territorial control/influence, and armed actors at regional level. Finally, the report provides regional details about incidents, their impact on civilian life, internal displacement, and conflict related humanitarian issues.
The report builds upon preceding EASO COI reports of the same project/study with focus on Somalia: Actors, Targeted profiles and Key socio-economic indicators. They were published in the period July-September 2021. They should be read in conjunction with one another. This series of COI reports provide relevant information on international protection status determination for Somali asylum seekers and will be used in the development of EASO country guidance note on Somalia.
This report provides in-depth information about following potentially targeted profiles: people recruited by and deserters from Al-Shabaab; women and girls; individual perceived as contravening religious laws/tenets; minorities and non-minority clans; individuals involved in blood feuds/clan disputes; individuals supporting or perceived as supporting the government, the international community, and/or as opposing Al-Shabaab; journalists; LGBTIQ.
This report should be read in conjunction with other 2021 EASO COI reports on Somalia, such as EASO COI report on Somalia: Actors (July 2021), the EASO COI report on Somalia: Key socio-economic indicators (September 2021), and the Somalia: Security situation (September 2021). This series of COI reports provide relevant information on international protection status determination for Somali asylum seekers and will be used in the development of EASO country guidance note on Somalia.
The report provides background information and details on key socio-economic indicators in three Somali cities, namely Mogadishu, Garowe, and Hargeisa. These represent the main urban centres in Somalia, including Puntland and Somaliland.
This report provides an overview as well as details about demographic/clan composition, humanitarian issues, mobility and accessibility, socio-economic indicators, and social-protection networks in the above-mentioned cities.
The report builds upon the preceding EASO COI report on Somalia: Actors(July 2021) and belongs to the same Somalia COI project along with the EASO COI report on Somalia: Targeted profiles and EASO’s COI report on Somalia: Security situation (September 2021).
This series of COI reports provide relevant information on international protection status determination for Somali asylum seekers and will be used in the development of EASO country guidance note on Somalia.
This report aims to provide information on the security situation in Afghanistan, which is relevant for the assessment of international protection status determination, including refugee status and subsidiary protection.
This report is an update of the EASO COI report Afghanistan Security Situation first published in January 2015 and updated annually.
This report is the last one of a series of COI reports on Afghanistan published by EASO between July and September 2020.
The report provides an overview of the state structure, security institutions and state judiciary in Afghanistan. It is meant to be read in conjunction with other 2020 EASO COI reports on Afghanistan, which provide relevant information regarding topics such as customary law and informal dispute resolution, the main insurgent groups, targeted violence, security situation and armed conflict developments, and key socioeconomic indicators.
The report is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on presenting an overview of the state structure in Afghanistan, including governance, corruption, and the latest developments on the 2019 elections. The second part focuses on the state security institutions, their mandate and structure, integrity, and the main reported cases of violations perpetrated by these security forces. The third part of the report provides a general overview of the state judiciary, focusing on its capacity, integrity, effectiveness in prosecution, as well as prison conditions.
The drafting of this report was finalised on 30 June 2020. Any event taking place after this date is not included in this report.
The purpose of this report is to provide relevant information for the assessment of international protection status determination, including refugee status and subsidiary protection. In particular, it is intended to inform the update of the chapter on Internal Protection Alternative within the Country Guidance on Afghanistan 2020 update.
The report is meant as an update of the EASO COI Report Afghanistan, Key socio-economic indicators 2019.
After providing some background information on the cities of Kabul, Herat and Mazar-e Sharif and discussing their accessibility, the report looks into several socio-economic indicators. The information is provided for the country as a whole, and where available for the three cities separately. Additional attention is paid to specific vulnerable groups such as IDPs, returnees, women and children.
The drafting of this report was finalised on 27 July 2020. Any event taking place after this date is not included in this report.
The report provides an overview of the main Anti-Government Elements (AGEs) in Afghanistan, primarily the Taliban and Islamic State Khorasan Province (ISKP), with a focus on describing the modus operandi, structure and activities of these groups with respect to targeted killings and attacks on particular profiles.
The report is divided into four sections: Section 1 provides a general overview of the situation relating to armed conflict and AGEs, as well as recent developments on the Doha agreement with the US government and the Taliban; Section 2 provides information on the main points of the structure and modus operandi of the Taliban and main targeted profiles related to this group; Section 3 provides information on the ISKP and main targeted profiles; Section 4 provides an overview of other AGEs operating in Afghanistan, such as Al Qaeda, Haqqani Network and Foreign AGEs.
The drafting of this report was finalised 18 June 2020. Any event taking place after this date is not included in this report.
This report provides an overview of the pluralistic legal system of codified and uncodified, formal and informal (customary) norms which govern Afghan society. The report also focuses on the topic of land dispute as one of the main sources of conflict in Afghanistan, providing information on formal and informal mechanism of dispute resolution, including Taliban’s involvement in resolving land disputes. Finally, it describes the practices of blood feuds and revenge killing, including customary blood feud resolution and compensation, and prosecution by the state.
The drafting of this report was finalised on 30 June 2020. Any event taking place after this date is not included in this report.
This COI Focus aims to provide information on the security situation in Kabul City and is an update of both the COI Focus Afghanistan. Security Situation in Kabul City from 15 May 2019 and the Kabul City chapter taken from the European Asylum Support Office (EASO) Country of Origin Information Report. Afghanistan: Security Situation, published in June 2019. If any developments significantly change the security situation in Kabul, Cedoca will update this COI Focus as soon as possible. For a general introduction to the security situation in Afghanistan, reference is made to the EASO report listed above, published in June 2019.
This report follows the structure of the individual provincial chapters in the June 2019 EASO report. The general description of the city contains information on the geography and population; the chapter on the background of the conflict takes a longer term look at the security situation in Kabul, including the actors active in the city. In the chapter on recent security trends, the nature of the violence, frequency, targets, locations, and victims are described within a timeframe from 1 April 2019 until 31 March 2020. Finally, a separate chapter is dedicated to population displacements caused by the conflict and the situation of internally displaced people (IDPs) and returnees in Kabul City.
This report presents information from 1 April 2019 until 31 March 2020.
